Note - Making

 Note - Making

Note - making is an important study- skill. It  also helps us at work. We need to  draw the main  points  of  the material we read as  it is  difficult to remember large chunks of information. It helps us to discriminate important points  from the less important ones.

Why Notes are  Important:

We  need notes -

1.   to consult before an  examination;

2. for writing an  essay;

3.for preparing a report; 

4. for summarizing.

Characteristics of Good Notes 

Read carefully the characteristics of good notes which are given below :

1. (i) Notes should be short. They should identify the main  point.

    (ii) They list information which is called appropriate format. 

    (iii) They are written only in  phrases; not sentences. 

2.  Information is logically divided and subdivided by the use of figures/letters. Title is written first.

3. Abbreviations and symbols are freely used. Articles,  preposition and conjunctions are omitted.

4. Notes must make  sense when they are read again otherwise they  be of no  use.

                                                             SYMBOLS

(a)  Universal Symbols

؞     -  therefore %    -  per cent &  -  and 100 -  hundred 1000 – thousand e.g. – for example

i.e.  –  that  is  viz.  – namely → leads to ﮸ as / because

 b. Mathematical symbols

˂ less than ˃  greater than /  slash; or

® - before =  equal to @  at the rate of

 

Abbreviations;

there are three categories of abbreviations:

1- Acronyms (capital initial letters)

2- Contractions (taking first few letters of the word)

3- Short form (taking first few and last few letters)

1- Acronyms

CBSE - Central Board of Secondary Education

ICSE - Indian Council of Secondary Education

NCERT- National Council of Educational Research and training

WHO- World Health Organization

CM - Chief minister

PM- Prime Minister

SHO --  Station  House Officer

SP  - Superintendent  of Police 

UN  - United Nations 

WHO  -World Health Organization  

2- Contraction

Capt.  -- Captain Co.  -  Company Col. - Colonel dis.  - discount  esp.  - especially fig. -  figure  Hon. - Honorary in.  - inch   Lab. - Laboratory

Rev.  - Revered Sc.  -   Science  Sep.  -  September Sig.  - Signature  Soc.  - Society Teh.  -  Technical Tel. - Telegram Tel. - Telephone Univ. - University

3- Short Forms 

bk - book  Dr  - doctor  Deptt -  Department   estd - established  Govt  - Government  Ltd - Limited  wt  - weight  Mr. - Mister

pt - point retd - Retired Std - Standard  ft - foot/feet Stn - Station  Secy - Secretary  yr - year yd  - yard

                            Use of Full Stop in an  Abbreviation 

(a) We often put a full stop after an abbreviation which does not end with the last letter of the word: 

Col.  - Colonel                        Div. - Division

Co. - Company  info. - information

(b) Abbreviation  ending with the last letter of the word does  not  require full stop at the end:

Govt - Government  Ms - Miss or madam  Dr - Doctor

Mr - Mister  Pt  -  Pandit   wt -  weight

Note: Always avoid  the confusing abbreviations.

                                       Passage 1

A .  Read the passage  given below:  

1. In the democratic countries intelligence is still free to ask whatever question it chooses. This freedom, it is almost certain, will not survive another war. Educationist should, therefore do all the can, while there is yet time, to build up , the men and women of the next generation will be at the mercy of that skillful propagandist who contrives to size the instruments of information and persuasion. Resistance to suggestion can be built up in two ways. first, children can be taught to rely on their own internal resources and not to depend on incessant stimulation from without. 

continuous...... 

 

 

The summer of the beautiful white horse. William Saroyan (Snapshot)

Main points of the story

...................................................................................................................................................................

1.  This story is about two poor American boys Aram and Mourad who belong to a tribe whose hallmarks are trust and honesty.
2. Aram is nine years old and his cousin is Mourad who is very crazy.
3. One day Mourad came to Aram's house at four in the morning with a beautiful white horse.
4. "It is no harm pay no attention to it." uncle Khosrove.